OpenFlows - Litharollo tse 11 tsa hydrological, hydraulic and sanitary engineering
Ho ba le tharollo ea ho rarolla mathata a amanang le metsi ha se ntho e ncha. Ha e le hantle, ka tsela ea khale moenjiniere o ne a tlameha ho e etsa ka mekhoa e pheta-phetoang e neng e khathatsa ebile e sa amane le tikoloho ea CAD/GIS. Kajeno, lefahla la dijithale le hokahanya tlhahlobo, moralo oa meaho le lits'ebetso tsa tlhahlobo letsatsi le leng le le leng, ho kenyelletsa eseng feela mohlala oa kaho ea eona empa hape le ts'ebetso.
Selemong se fetileng ke bile le monyetla oa ho lula fatše le mosebetsi-'moho eo ke 'nileng ka mo latela ho tloha ka nako eo Haestad Methods. Ke bua ka Bob Mankowski, eo mmoho le Benoit Fredericque ba bileng teng ho nna nakong ya ketsahalo ya Going Digital Awards Singapore. 'Me, ha re bua ka tsoelo-pele ea mafahla a digital bakeng sa ho beha leihlo, re ile ra ama sehlooho sa tharollo ea metsi, re etsa papiso ea hore na mohlala o ne o le joang pele ho CAD/BIM le hore na tsamaiso e kopanetsoeng e emela eng hona joale.
Ho tloha moo ho ile ha tla kakaretso ena, eo qetellong ke ileng ka e tšoaea ho akaretsa lisebelisoa tse teng bakeng sa nts'etsopele ea merero ea boholo bo boholo, joalo ka merero e kholo, merero ea ntlafatso ea libaka le ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea metsi a nooang, metsi a litšila le lits'ebetso tsa kabo ea metsi a sefefo.
A. Litharollo tsa likhoerekhoere tsa sefefo (OpenFlows STORM)
STORM ke tharollo e lumellang tlhahlobo le lipapiso bakeng sa moralo oa litsamaiso tsa likhoerekhoere tsa metsi a sefefo. E na le mekhoa ea boenjineri ba hydrological likarolong tse kang ho bala ho phalla ha metsi, matla a ho kena le ho phalla ha marang-rang a liphaephe le mekhoa ea mekhoa ea ho tsamaisa liphaephe. E fana ka mesebetsi eo li-platform tse ling li nang le eona, joalo ka HEC-RAS, ka phapang ea hore ena ke tharollo e pharaletseng bakeng sa setsebi, e sa tsepamisitseng maikutlo feela ho hlahloba empa hape le moralong, kahoo e ka kopanngoa le boenjiniere ba litsela le metse ea litoropo ka lisebelisoa tse kang. OpenRoads kapa OpenSite.
OpenFlow STORM e teng liphetolelong tsena tse peli:
1. CivilStorm
2. StormCAD.
Phapang pakeng tsa liphetolelo tsena tse peli ke hore CivilStorm e sebetsa ka boithaopo kapa ka Microstation / OpenRoads, ha StormCAD e sebetsa ho AutoCAD. Ka bobeli li na le ts'ebetso e ts'oanang, le hoja tse sebetsang ho AutoCAD e le phetolelo e fokolang le e fokolang haholo ea ho sebelisana le litharollo tse ling tsa Bentley Sytstems.
Ka STORM, setsebi sa Hydrology se tla khona ho sebelisa mokhoa o utloahalang oa ho bala phallo e phahameng ka ho fetisisa moralong oa likhoerekhoere tsa sefefo. U ka hlakisa data ea Intensity-Duration-Frequency u sebelisa li-equations kapa litafole, ebe u rala li-isohyets ebe u sebelisa data hape meralong e meng. E ts'ehetsa palo e sa lekanyetsoang ea libaka tsa subbesin le li-coefficients tsa C bakeng sa beisine e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e kenang, e khona ho hlophisa libaka tse kenyang letsoho ka ntle, phallo e eketsehileng le phallo ea masala ho etsa mohlala oa phallo ea metsi e seng ea lehae e kenyang letsoho ho phalleng leha e le efe e kenang. StormCAD e fana ka mekhoa e 'maloa ea ho bala nako ea phallo, ho kenyelletsa lebelo le felletseng la liphaephe, lebelo le tloaelehileng, lebelo la ho qetela le boima.
E le hore setsebi, ka ho sebelisa Rational Method, se tsebe ho rarolla ntle le mathata tafole e hlalosoang ke mosebelisi intensity-duration-frequency (IDF), Hydro-35, IDF table equation, IDF curve equation, IDF polynomial logarithmic equation. Ho ekelletsa moo nako ea mekhoa ea mahloriso: e hlalosoang ke mosebelisi, Carter, Eagleson, Espey/Winslow, Federal Aviation Agency, Kerby/Hathaway, Kirpich (PA le TN), bolelele le lebelo, SCS Lag, TR-55 Sheet Flow, TR -55 Shallow Concentrated Phalla, TR-55 Channel Phallo, Kinematic Wave, Motsoalle, Bransby-Williams.
Mohlomong e 'ngoe ea lintho tse nkhahlileng haholo ke palo ea mekhoa e seng e ntse e sebetsa. Setsebi sa li-hydraulics se tla khona ho etsa lipapiso tse tsitsitseng, hammoho le tlhahlobo ea bokhoni le metsi a ka morao ho sebelisoa mekhoa ea profil. Hape ka mekhoa ea tahlehelo ea khatello u ka sebelisa AASHTO, HEC-22, e tloaelehileng, e feletseng, e tloaelehileng le ea khatello ea khatello ea ho lahleheloa ke sekhahla.
Ho feta moo, ketsiso e khelohileng, moralo o ikemetseng o ipapisitseng le litšitiso, mekhoa ea tahlehelo ea likhohlano: Manning, Kutter, Darcy-Weisbach le Hazen-Williams.
Mabapi le tšebelisano-'moho, STORM e na le mekhoa ea ho kopanya limmapa tse ka morao, joalo ka litšoantšo tsa Bing hammoho le liforomo tse ling tsa CAD, GIS le database. E ka sebelisana le LandXML, MX Drainage, DXF, DWG, Shapefile, MicroDrainage data.
B. Litharollo tsa lits'ebetso tsa hydro-sanitary (GEMS)
Mohala oa GEMS o na le liphetolelo tsena tse peli, tse tšoanang haholo le STORM:
3. likhoerekhoereGEMS
4. SewerCAD
Ha e le hantle, ke lisebelisoa tsa ho etsa mohlala oa tsamaiso ea metsi a litšila le likhoerekhoere.
Ho fapana le se ka etsoang ka mesebetsi ea mantlha e kang e fanoeng ke Civil3D, SewerCAD ke tharollo e khethehileng bakeng sa maemo a feletseng a kenyeletsang tlhahlobo, moralo le ts'ebetso ka bobeli; ho sebelisa mekhoa ea ho lekanya le ho kopanya mefuteng ea taolo e kang SCADA.
Matla a SewerCAD mabapi le tsamaiso ea mohlala ke hore e ka sebetsana le maemo a mangata le mekhoa e meng. Lipapiso li ka etsoa, litlaleho tse ka khonehang li ka hlahisoa, ka bobeli boemong ba data ea tabular le ea sebaka, ho kenyelletsa le taolo ea topological. Liphetho tsena li ka hlahisoa ka mokhoa o hlakileng, ka kotloloho ho ArcMap kapa joalo ka mohlala oa Bentley Map.
Litsebi tsa Hydraulics li tla khona ho fumana sehlopha sohle sa li-equations tsa St. Venant, hammoho le EPA-SWMM e hlakileng le e hlakileng ea motlakase. Hoa khoneha ho etsa lipapiso tsa nako e telele le ka mokhoa o tsitsitseng. Ho phaella moo, e kenyelletsa mesebetsi e kopanetsoeng bakeng sa lipalo tsa Storm, Culvert, ho kopanya marang-rang a nang le matangoana, lisebelisoa tsa ho pompa le tsa bohloeki, tseo ka tloaelo li neng li tla etsoa ka thoko ka ho kenya data ka ho toba; ho laola sebopeho se kopaneng bakeng sa merero ea SewerCAD, CivilStorm le StormCAD.
Litharollo tse ling tsa GEMS ke tsa moralo le ts'ebetso ea lits'ebetso tsa marang-rang a metsi a nooang:
5. MetsiGEMS
6. WaterCAD
Ts'ebetso e ts'oana le Sewer mabapi le mokhoa oa tsamaiso oa ho ntlafatsa, ho rala, ho lekanya le ho sebetsa marang-rang a felletseng a khomaretsoeng ho matšoao a SCADA, ka khetho ea ho sebelisa li-parameter tsa APEX tse ikemetseng.
Litsebi tsa Hydraulics li tla natefeloa ke ho bona kamoo lipalo tse pheta-phetoang tseo ba neng ba li etsa ka maqephe a logarithmic le tokollo ea kerafo li kenyellelitsoeng mona ka mokhoa o ikemetseng, joalo ka mekhoa ea ho lekanya ea Darwin bakeng sa moralo, tokiso le taolo ea marang-rang a metsi a nooang.
Tšebelisano-'moho e ts'oana haholo le lipolanete tse ling, ha e le hantle mefuta eohle ea lisebelisoa tsa metsi a nooang e ka etsoa mohlala, e khona ho sebelisana le AutoCAD le ArcMap, ho kenyeletsoa HAMMER.
Ho tšoana le STORM, SewerGEMS le WaterGEMS mosebetsi o ema o le mong kapa sethaleng sa Bentley Systems (Microstation / OpenRoads), ha SewerCAD le WaterCAD li sebetsa ho AutoCAD. Ho feta moo, e ka sebetsa ho ArcGIS.
C. Tharollo bakeng sa mohlala oa letamo (PondPack)
7. Pond Pack
Moqaping oa lits'ebetso tsa sejoale-joale tsa litoropo, moo boemo ba leholimo bo sa hlalosoang joalo, ho bohlokoa ho laola pokello ea metsi kapa matamo a ho hloekisoa hape, kaha sefefong metsi ha a na phallo ea tlhaho ka matla a khoheli ho ea nōkeng joalo ka ha ho etsahala litšoantšong tsa topographies. .
PondPack ke tharollo e khethehileng bakeng sa tsamaiso ea litsamaiso tsa letamo le le leng kapa a 'maloa a metsi, moo ho hlokahalang ho hakanya phallo e phahameng, ho tlatsa le linako tsa ho qhala ka ho sebelisa mekhoa ea metsi e tiisang phokotso ea likotsi tsa likhohola.
Joalo ka lits'ebetso tse ling, empa ka lebitso le le leng, PondPack e na le mofuta o ikemetseng, o sebetsang ho Microstation le o mong ho AutoCAD.
Litsebi tsa boenjiniere ba Hydrologic kapa hydraulic engineering li tla khona ho etsa mohlala oa liketsahalo tse se nang moeli li sebelisa mekhoa e kang SCS 24-hora mofuta oa I, IA, II le II bakeng sa mekhoa ea ho tsamaisa metsi a sefefo bakeng sa mehlala e kang Midwest U.S, Gauded storm data le I-D-F curves. Ka mokhoa o ts'oanang, bakeng sa mekhoa ea mahloriso, Carter, Eagleson, Espey / Winslow, har'a ba bang, e ka sebelisoa.
D. Litharollo bakeng sa likhohola (MOKHOALLA)
8. KHOLALA
Sena ke sesebelisoa sa ho etsa mohlala, ho hlahloba le ho fokotsa likotsi tsa likhohola tsa litoropo, mathōko a linoka le libaka tse lebōpong la leoatle tse nang le tšusumetso. Litsebi tsa meralo ea libaka li tla fumana ho FLOOD tharollo bakeng sa lits'ebetso tsa drainage tsa litoropo le tlhahlobo ea lisebelisoa tsa bohlokoa tse sebelisoang ho hydraulics le hydrology.
Hoa khoneha ka likhohola ho etsisa liketsahalo tse kang lifefo, ho tlala mobu, ho hloleha ha matamo, ho hloleha ha letamo, ho hlōleha ha tsamaiso ea metsi, li-tsunami, ho phahama ha metsi a leoatle kapa maemo a sa tloaelehang a maqhubu.
FLOOD ke sesebelisoa se ikemetseng, empa se ka sebelisana le mefuta e sebelisoang ho SewerGEMS mabapi le marang-rang a likhoerekhoere. O ka kenya data ho tsoa ho liforomo tsa TIN tse hlahisitsoeng ka lisebelisoa tsa Bentley Systems, ContexCapture; E ka boela ea hlahisa liphetho bakeng sa LumenRT le ho latela lifomate tsa raster, GDAL e tšehetsa lifaele tsa ARC, ADF, le TIFF. Mefuta e meng e tšehelitsoeng e kenyelletsa WKT, EsriShapefile, NASA DTM le LumenRT 3D.
E. Tharollo bakeng sa hydraulic transients (HAMMER)
9. HAMERA
Ena ke sesebelisoa se ikhethileng bakeng sa e 'ngoe ea lits'ebetso tsa bohlokoa tsa sistimi ea hydraulic, e bitsoang transients. Ha ho tluoa tabeng ea ho hokahanya litsamaiso, ekaba tse ncha kapa li kopane le litsamaiso tse teng, hoa hlokahala ho hakanya maemo a mahlonoko meahong e fapaneng e hokahaneng (litanka, li-valve, liphaephe, li-turbine, jj.)
HAMMER e ka etsa mohlala oa maemo le mekhoa e meng e sa lekanyetsoang, e nang le menahano kapa maemo a leholimo. Tlhahlobo e ka netefatsa node ka 'ngoe, e khona ho leka maemo a fapaneng a khatello, lebelo, litšobotsi tsa gravimetric tsa maro, khatello ea mouoane le linako tsa khakanyo.
Setsebi se tla khona ho fumana mekhoa e ikemetseng eo pele e neng e etsoa ka letsoho ka ho pheta-pheta hoo e batlang e le ho sa feleng bakeng sa mesebetsi e kang hamore ea metsi e nang le pompa le lebelo le feto-fetohang, hammoho le mekhoa ea likhohlano e sebelisang Hazen Williams, Darcy Weisbach kapa Mannings ka ho toba le ho kopanngoa. 'Me ha e le litsamaiso tse utloahalang kapa tse thehiloeng melaong, E sa tsitsang - Vitovsky e ka sebelisoa.
F. Tharollo bakeng sa lipalo tsa hydraulic (MASTER)
10. CurlvertMaster
11.FlowMaster
Tsena ke li-hydraulic calculator bakeng sa moralo oa lits'ebetso tsa lits'ebetso tsa metsi, tse sa kenyelletseng tlhahlobo ea mohopolo feela empa hape le ho sebelisa lisebelisoa tse fapaneng, likarolo le maemo a ho kena.
Qetellong, OpenFlows e tšepisa ho ba tharollo e molemo ka ho fetisisa bakeng sa boenjiniere ba metsi, haholo-holo hobane ho kopanngoa le tikoloho ea CAD/GIS ho feta mefuta e meng ea tharollo e lekanyelitsoeng ka botlalo le ho shebana le potoloho e feletseng ea litšebeletso tsa motheo.
Moo u ka fumanang lithupelo tsa OpenFlows
E 'ngoe ea mekhoa e metle ea koetliso bakeng sa sethala sena ke AulaGEO.
OpenFlows SewerGEMS / SewerCAD thupelo
